sqlite: backport patch to resolve regression in 3.48.0

Unblocks the test suite of nodejs and probably other packages.

pkgs/development/libraries/sqlite/3.48.0-fk-conflict-handling.patch

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+diff --git a/sqlite3.c b/sqlite3.c
+index 80433f6..7c234f6 100644
+--- a/sqlite3.c
++++ b/sqlite3.c
+@@ -231721,6 +231721,11 @@ static int sessionChangesetApply(
+     }
+   }
+ 
++  {
++    int rc2 = sqlite3_exec(db, "PRAGMA defer_foreign_keys = 0", 0, 0, 0);
++    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = rc2;
++  }
++
+   if( (flags & SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_NOSAVEPOINT)==0 ){
+     if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+       rc = sqlite3_exec(db, "RELEASE changeset_apply", 0, 0, 0);

pkgs/development/libraries/sqlite/default.nix

@@ -34,6 +34,11 @@ stdenv.mkDerivation rec {
     # Can be removed with the next release.
     # Test: pkgsStatic.gnupg
     ./Libs.private.patch
+
+    # https://sqlite.org/forum/forumpost/00f3aab3d3be9690
+    # https://sqlite.org/src/info/d7c07581
+    # TODO: Remove in 3.49.0
+    ./3.48.0-fk-conflict-handling.patch
   ];
 
   outputs = [ "bin" "dev" "man" "doc" "out" ];