diff --git a/pkgs/development/python-modules/pikepdf/default.nix b/pkgs/development/python-modules/pikepdf/default.nix
index cb7214e768fb..43e519ca3a96 100644
--- a/pkgs/development/python-modules/pikepdf/default.nix
+++ b/pkgs/development/python-modules/pikepdf/default.nix
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
   lib,
   attrs,
   buildPythonPackage,
+  cmake,
   fetchFromGitHub,
   hypothesis,
   jbig2dec,
@@ -9,23 +10,24 @@
   lxml,
   withMupdf ? false,
   mupdf-headless,
+  nanobind,
+  ninja,
   numpy,
   packaging,
   pillow,
   psutil,
-  pybind11,
   pytest-xdist,
   pytestCheckHook,
   python-dateutil,
   python-xmp-toolkit,
   qpdf,
-  setuptools,
   replaceVars,
+  scikit-build-core,
 }:
 
 buildPythonPackage rec {
   pname = "pikepdf";
-  version = "10.5.1";
+  version = "10.6.0";
   pyproject = true;
 
   src = fetchFromGitHub {
@@ -38,7 +40,7 @@ buildPythonPackage rec {
     postFetch = ''
       rm "$out/.git_archival.txt"
     '';
-    hash = "sha256-x17cRef8rB5UQQws48G/IqeSp4B3CaLzIoUIQ8fJeUg=";
+    hash = "sha256-COEAY9/H9KZ1Tyj89CFMBl9ydTro82qk1XYWbaI9AFY=";
   };
 
   patches = [
@@ -54,18 +56,17 @@ buildPythonPackage rec {
     })
   ];
 
-  postPatch = ''
-    substituteInPlace setup.py \
-      --replace-fail "shims_enabled = not cflags_defined" "shims_enabled = False"
-  '';
-
   buildInputs = [ qpdf ];
 
   build-system = [
-    pybind11
-    setuptools
+    cmake
+    nanobind
+    ninja
+    scikit-build-core
   ];
 
+  dontUseCmakeConfigure = true;
+
   nativeCheckInputs = [
     attrs
     hypothesis