diff --git a/nixos/doc/manual/release-notes/rl-2305.section.md b/nixos/doc/manual/release-notes/rl-2305.section.md
index 1a232670f86b..816dacac31b9 100644
--- a/nixos/doc/manual/release-notes/rl-2305.section.md
+++ b/nixos/doc/manual/release-notes/rl-2305.section.md
@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@ In addition to numerous new and upgraded packages, this release has the followin
 
 - `nixos-rebuild` now supports an extra `--specialisation` option that can be used to change specialisation for `switch` and `test` commands.
 
+- `libxcrypt`, the library providing the `crypt(3)` password hashing function, is now built without support for algorithms not flagged [`strong`](https://github.com/besser82/libxcrypt/blob/v4.4.33/lib/hashes.conf#L48). This affects the availability of password hashing algorithms used for system login (`login(1)`, `passwd(1)`), but also Apache2 Basic-Auth, Samba, OpenLDAP, and [many other packages](https://github.com/search?q=repo%3ANixOS%2Fnixpkgs%20libxcrypt&type=code).
+
 ## New Services {#sec-release-23.05-new-services}
 
 <!-- To avoid merge conflicts, consider adding your item at an arbitrary place in the list instead. -->
diff --git a/nixos/modules/config/users-groups.nix b/nixos/modules/config/users-groups.nix
index ee4692fc6a6a..5fb38a4e2ff8 100644
--- a/nixos/modules/config/users-groups.nix
+++ b/nixos/modules/config/users-groups.nix
@@ -539,7 +539,9 @@ in {
 
   ###### implementation
 
-  config = {
+  config = let
+    cryptSchemeIdPatternGroup = "(${lib.concatStringsSep "|" pkgs.libxcrypt.enabledCryptSchemeIds})";
+  in {
 
     users.users = {
       root = {
@@ -601,15 +603,16 @@ in {
       text = ''
         users=()
         while IFS=: read -r user hash tail; do
-          if [[ "$hash" = "$"* && ! "$hash" =~ ^\$(y|gy|7|2b|2y|2a|6)\$ ]]; then
+          if [[ "$hash" = "$"* && ! "$hash" =~ ^\''$${cryptSchemeIdPatternGroup}\$ ]]; then
             users+=("$user")
           fi
         done </etc/shadow
 
         if (( "''${#users[@]}" )); then
           echo "
-        WARNING: The following user accounts rely on password hashes that will
-        be removed in NixOS 23.05. They should be renewed as soon as possible."
+        WARNING: The following user accounts rely on password hashing algorithms
+        that have been removed. They need to be renewed as soon as possible, as
+        they do prevent their users from logging in."
           printf ' - %s\n' "''${users[@]}"
         fi
       '';
@@ -716,7 +719,7 @@ in {
         let
           sep = "\\$";
           base64 = "[a-zA-Z0-9./]+";
-          id = "[a-z0-9-]+";
+          id = cryptSchemeIdPatternGroup;
           value = "[a-zA-Z0-9/+.-]+";
           options = "${id}(=${value})?(,${id}=${value})*";
           scheme  = "${id}(${sep}${options})?";
diff --git a/nixos/modules/security/pam.nix b/nixos/modules/security/pam.nix
index 4224722f8792..d57dec36c328 100644
--- a/nixos/modules/security/pam.nix
+++ b/nixos/modules/security/pam.nix
@@ -620,7 +620,7 @@ let
           optionalString config.services.homed.enable ''
             password sufficient ${config.systemd.package}/lib/security/pam_systemd_home.so
           '' + ''
-            password sufficient pam_unix.so nullok sha512
+            password sufficient pam_unix.so nullok yescrypt
           '' +
           optionalString config.security.pam.enableEcryptfs ''
             password optional ${pkgs.ecryptfs}/lib/security/pam_ecryptfs.so
diff --git a/nixos/modules/services/x11/display-managers/gdm.nix b/nixos/modules/services/x11/display-managers/gdm.nix
index 1c3881bef2de..f8f82bda3fa4 100644
--- a/nixos/modules/services/x11/display-managers/gdm.nix
+++ b/nixos/modules/services/x11/display-managers/gdm.nix
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ in
 
         account   sufficient    pam_unix.so
 
-        password  requisite     pam_unix.so nullok sha512
+        password  requisite     pam_unix.so nullok yescrypt
 
         session   optional      pam_keyinit.so revoke
         session   include       login
diff --git a/nixos/modules/services/x11/display-managers/lightdm.nix b/nixos/modules/services/x11/display-managers/lightdm.nix
index 65f414705fc5..548d3c5bc46a 100644
--- a/nixos/modules/services/x11/display-managers/lightdm.nix
+++ b/nixos/modules/services/x11/display-managers/lightdm.nix
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ in
 
         account   sufficient    pam_unix.so
 
-        password  requisite     pam_unix.so nullok sha512
+        password  requisite     pam_unix.so nullok yescrypt
 
         session   optional      pam_keyinit.so revoke
         session   include       login
diff --git a/nixos/tests/pam/test_chfn.py b/nixos/tests/pam/test_chfn.py
index b108a9423caf..a48438b8d305 100644
--- a/nixos/tests/pam/test_chfn.py
+++ b/nixos/tests/pam/test_chfn.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ expected_lines = {
     "auth sufficient pam_rootok.so",
     "auth sufficient pam_unix.so   likeauth try_first_pass",
     "password sufficient @@pam_krb5@@/lib/security/pam_krb5.so use_first_pass",
-    "password sufficient pam_unix.so nullok sha512",
+    "password sufficient pam_unix.so nullok yescrypt",
     "session optional @@pam_krb5@@/lib/security/pam_krb5.so",
     "session required pam_env.so conffile=/etc/pam/environment readenv=0",
     "session required pam_unix.so",
diff --git a/pkgs/build-support/docker/default.nix b/pkgs/build-support/docker/default.nix
index 7fa5aeafc8e3..5f48fb9f7bdb 100644
--- a/pkgs/build-support/docker/default.nix
+++ b/pkgs/build-support/docker/default.nix
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ rec {
       cat > /etc/pam.d/other <<EOF
     account sufficient pam_unix.so
     auth sufficient pam_rootok.so
-    password requisite pam_unix.so nullok sha512
+    password requisite pam_unix.so nullok yescrypt
     session required pam_unix.so
     EOF
     fi
diff --git a/pkgs/development/libraries/libxcrypt/default.nix b/pkgs/development/libraries/libxcrypt/default.nix
index 86bb12ee3d1f..769994a5cdfd 100644
--- a/pkgs/development/libraries/libxcrypt/default.nix
+++ b/pkgs/development/libraries/libxcrypt/default.nix
@@ -15,7 +15,8 @@ stdenv.mkDerivation rec {
   ];
 
   configureFlags = [
-    "--enable-hashes=all"
+    # Update the enabled crypt scheme ids in passthru when the enabled hashes change
+    "--enable-hashes=strong"
     "--enable-obsolete-api=glibc"
     "--disable-failure-tokens"
   ] ++ lib.optionals (stdenv.hostPlatform.isMusl || stdenv.hostPlatform.libc == "bionic") [
@@ -30,8 +31,20 @@ stdenv.mkDerivation rec {
 
   doCheck = true;
 
-  passthru.tests = {
-    inherit (nixosTests) login shadow;
+  passthru = {
+    tests = {
+      inherit (nixosTests) login shadow;
+    };
+    enabledCryptSchemeIds = [
+      # https://github.com/besser82/libxcrypt/blob/v4.4.33/lib/hashes.conf
+      "y"   # yescrypt
+      "gy"  # gost_yescrypt
+      "7"   # scrypt
+      "2b"  # bcrypt
+      "2y"  # bcrypt_y
+      "2a"  # bcrypt_a
+      "6"   # sha512crypt
+    ];
   };
 
   meta = with lib; {
diff --git a/pkgs/os-specific/linux/pam/default.nix b/pkgs/os-specific/linux/pam/default.nix
index 22e7057e343f..8b068100f32a 100644
--- a/pkgs/os-specific/linux/pam/default.nix
+++ b/pkgs/os-specific/linux/pam/default.nix
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
-{ lib, stdenv, buildPackages, fetchurl, flex, cracklib, db4, gettext, audit
+{ lib, stdenv, buildPackages, fetchurl, flex, cracklib, db4, gettext, audit, libxcrypt
 , nixosTests
-, withLibxcrypt ? true, libxcrypt
 }:
 
 stdenv.mkDerivation rec {
@@ -20,9 +19,8 @@ stdenv.mkDerivation rec {
   nativeBuildInputs = [ flex ]
     ++ lib.optional stdenv.buildPlatform.isDarwin gettext;
 
-  buildInputs = [ cracklib db4 ]
-    ++ lib.optional stdenv.buildPlatform.isLinux audit
-    ++ lib.optional withLibxcrypt libxcrypt;
+  buildInputs = [ cracklib db4 libxcrypt ]
+    ++ lib.optional stdenv.buildPlatform.isLinux audit;
 
   enableParallelBuilding = true;